{"id":86,"date":"2019-07-09T07:27:47","date_gmt":"2019-07-09T07:27:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/?p=86"},"modified":"2023-11-02T12:59:31","modified_gmt":"2023-11-02T12:59:31","slug":"what-are-certificate-formats-and-what-is-the-difference-between-them","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/what-are-certificate-formats-and-what-is-the-difference-between-them\/","title":{"rendered":"What are certificate formats and what is the difference between them?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is a multitude of server and device types out there. Ones that allow an SSL to be installed and configured require the digital certificate file to be encoded and formatted in a certain way. All you need to know is that there are several file extension types and encoding formats. Plus, in order to successfully <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/where-can-i-find-instructions-on-how-to-install-my-ssl-certificate\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">install an SSL<\/a> on your server, you need to know which type exactly your server or device requires. In some cases, the server can accept different certificate formats, and they can be interchangeable. In other cases, however, a particular file type and encoding are required. This article is more of a hands-on guide on how to handle the certificate files received in an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SSLs.com<\/a> order. For an in-depth approach to this topic, feel free to check the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/X.509#Certificates\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">X.509<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> article on Wikipedia and the comprehensive definition of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc5280\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">X.509 certificate and CRL<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in a Request for Comments (RFC) publication by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Once you\u2019ve got your certificate files, checking the certificate file extension will allow you to know what\u2019s in the file, and which file fits best your needs.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>X.509 certificate encoding formats and extensions:<\/h2>\n<h3><strong>Base64 (ASCII)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><strong>PEM<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>.pem<\/li>\n<li>.crt<\/li>\n<li>.ca-bundle<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>PKCS#7<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>.p7b<\/li>\n<li>.p7s<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Binary<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><strong>DER<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>.der<\/li>\n<li>.cer<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>PKCS#12<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>.pfx<\/li>\n<li>.p12<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong style=\"font-size: inherit;\">*.pem, *.crt, *.ca-bundle, *.cer, *.p7b, *.p7s <\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">files contain one or more X.509 digital certificate files that use base64 (ASCII) encoding. You get one of those in a zip file downloaded from your user account or receive such file from the Certificate Authority.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You may also encounter <\/span><strong>*.pfx <\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">files. This is an archive file format for storing several cryptographic objects in a single file. In the scope of SSL certificates for SSL\/TLS client and SSL\/TLS web server authentication (the ones we offer), a .pfx file must contain the end-entity certificate (issued for your domain), a matching private key, and may optionally include an intermediate certification authority (a.k.a. CA Bundle). All this is wrapped up in a single file which is then protected with a pfx password. We can\u2019t possibly provide you with a ready .pfx file, since it has a private key as the second essential element. Private key must be kept secret and is something that you generate alongside with the certificate signing request (CSR) by using available server tools, asking your web host to generate it for you, or using an <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/decoder.link\/csr_generator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">online CSR + private key generation tool<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When ordering a certificate on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/#certs\">SSLs.com<\/a>, there are two ways you can get your certificate files. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<strong>Option #1:<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Take the cert files from the email sent by the Certificate Authority.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Such email is sent to the administrative email address once the validation requirements are met and the certificate is issued. The file type and encoding format of the certificate files depend on the web server type chosen by the user in the course of SSL activation.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/formats_01.png\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"wysiwyg-underline\">If<strong> I&#8217;m installing on a Windows server or Java Tomcat server <\/strong>was chosen<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">you should receive a file with .cer, .p7s or .p7b file extension. Those should be equally accepted by a server designed to use such certificate files. The file extension may vary between different certificate issuer companies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/formats_02.png\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Those have PKCS #7 file type, and are mostly used in Windows or Java-based server environments (e.g. Internet Information Server (IIS), MS Exchange server, Java Tomcat, etc). PKCS #7 certificate file includes the end-entity certificate (the one issued to your domain name), plus one or more trusted intermediate certification authority files.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/formats_03.png\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"wysiwyg-font-size-small\" style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(file with &#8212;&#8211;BEGIN PKCS7&#8212;- line on top means that it\u2019s a PKCS7 security certificate file)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"wysiwyg-underline\">If <strong>Any other server (ex. Apache) <\/strong>was selected during SSL activation<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the Certificate Authority\u2019s email should contain files with .crt and .ca-bundle file extensions. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Those are PEM encoded, x509 certificates.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/formats_04.png\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"transparent\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/formats_05.png\"><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"wysiwyg-font-size-small\" style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(&#8212;&#8211;BEGIN CERTIFICATE&#8212;- header starts a PEM encoded certificate)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Option #2<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to get your certificate files is to download the cert files zip archive right to your SSLs.com account. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For that, you will need to click on the ID of the certificate when it\u2019s showing <strong>Active<\/strong> (meaning the cert is issued).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/formats_06.png\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Then you need to hit <strong>Download<\/strong> in the top right corner. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/formats_07.png\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This way you will have a zip archive with all the necessary certificate files in it.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/formats_08.png\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The range of cert file types available in the zip is most likely to be enough. However, if your server requires .DER (binary) encoded certificate file or something else, you can use our online <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/decoder.link\/converter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SSL certificate converter<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or consult your hosting provider.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Once you have defined the type of cert files the server was designed to accept, and you managed to get them, you can proceed with installing these files on your server and making further configurations.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There is a multitude of server and device types out there. Ones that allow an SSL to be installed and configured require the digital certificate file to be encoded and formatted in a certain way. All you need to know is that there are several file extension types and encoding formats. Plus, in order to ..<\/p>\n<div class=\"clear-fix\"><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/what-are-certificate-formats-and-what-is-the-difference-between-them\/\" title=\"read more...\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-86","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general-questions"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What are certificate formats and what is the difference between them? \u2013 HelpDesk | SSLs.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/what-are-certificate-formats-and-what-is-the-difference-between-them\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What are certificate formats and what is the difference between them? \u2013 HelpDesk | SSLs.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"There is a multitude of server and device types out there. 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Plus, in order to ..Read more\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/what-are-certificate-formats-and-what-is-the-difference-between-them\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"SSL Certificate Knowledgebase | SSLs.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SSLsCom\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-07-09T07:27:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-11-02T12:59:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/formats_01.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"sslbizdev\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@SSLscom\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@SSLscom\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"sslbizdev\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/what-are-certificate-formats-and-what-is-the-difference-between-them\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/what-are-certificate-formats-and-what-is-the-difference-between-them\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"sslbizdev\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/#\/schema\/person\/7e29a188929740c7a59d9a1c15c18806\"},\"headline\":\"What are certificate formats and what is the difference between them?\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-07-09T07:27:47+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-11-02T12:59:31+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/what-are-certificate-formats-and-what-is-the-difference-between-them\/\"},\"wordCount\":800,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/what-are-certificate-formats-and-what-is-the-difference-between-them\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/formats_01.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"General Questions\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/what-are-certificate-formats-and-what-is-the-difference-between-them\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.ssls.com\/knowledgebase\/what-are-certificate-formats-and-what-is-the-difference-between-them\/\",\"name\":\"What are certificate formats and what is the difference between them? 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